Number correct: 0 Number incorrect: 19 1. Roots take up K+ ions a. with both solute and electrochemical gradients. b. with the solute gradient and against the electrochemical gradient. c. against the solute gradient and with the electrochemical gradient. d. against both solute and electrochemical gradients. e.independently of any gradients. Correct answer is: c . against the solute gradient and with the electrochemical gradient. See page 693 in Campbell Biology 4e 2. The use of transmembrane proton gradients in solute transport across membranes is called a. cotransport. b. chemiosmosis. c. bulk flow. d. selective channeling. e. osmosis. Correct answer is: b. . chemiosmosis. See page 694 in Campbell Biology 4e 3. A root cell's ability to take up water is determined by _ and measured in _ . a. the ion concentration/pH b. the electron concentration/eV c. the water potential/MPa d. osmosis/d e. membrane potential/eV Correct answer is: c. . the water potential/MPa See page 694 in Campbell Biology 4e 4. In a water hose that is divided by a selectively permeable membrane, physical pressure and the addition of solutes to one half will a. both decrease its water potential. b. both increase its water potential. c. increase and decrease its water potential, respectively. d. decrease and increase its water potential, respectively. e. have no effect on its water potential. Correct answer is: c. . increase and decrease its water potential, respectively. See page 695 in Campbell Biology 4e 5. You have lettuce in your refrigerator that is one day old. What could you do to increase its crispiness slightly? a. Soak it in saltwater. b. Soak it in distilled water. c. Soak it in sugar water. d. Dry it off with a towel. e. Press it slightly. Correct answer is: b. . Soak it in distilled water. See page 696 in Campbell Biology 4e 6. Ion pumps in plant cells generally build the following relative H+ concentrations in the vacuole, cytoplasm, and their immediate environment: a. low/high/low b. low/low/high c. high/low/high d. high/high/low e. low/low/low Correct answer is: c. . high/low/high See page 696 in Campbell Biology 4e 7. The symplast is a. the joined cytoplasms of plant tissue cells. b. the area between neighboring plant tissue cells. c. the pores between plant tissue cells. d. the joined cell walls of plant tissue cells. e. the area between the tonoplast and the plasma membrane in a plant cell. Correct answer is: a. . the joined cytoplasms of plant tissue cells. See page 697 in Campbell Biology 4e 8. Bulk flow is a. passive flow of water that contains solutes. b. water flowing in separate waves. c. flow of water and solutes driven by osmosis. d. flow of water and solutes driven by pressure. e. water flow through the apoplast. Correct answer is: d. . flow of water and solutes driven by pressure. See page 697 in Campbell Biology 4e Question 9: No answer entered. 10. During the passage from the soil to the xylem, a mineral may follow which route? a. apoplastic/apoplastic/symplastic b. apoplastic/symplastic/apoplastic c. symplastic/apoplastic/symplastic d. symplastic/apoplastic/apoplastic e. all of the above Correct answer is: b. . apoplastic/symplastic/apoplastic See page 699 in Campbell Biology 4e 11. Hydathodes are used a. during transpiration. b. during osmotic water uptake at night. c. during guttation. d. for the generation of root pressure. e. for the transpiration pull. Correct answer is: c. . during guttation. See page 699 in Campbell Biology 4e 12. The meniscus in a leaf a. lies at the end of the petiole and allows leaf movements. b. connects the water in the stomata to the water in the xylem. c. is the convex water surface in the stomata. d. is the outer membrane of the vacuole. e. is the concave water surface in the stomata. Correct answer is: e. . is the concave water surface in the stomata. See page 700 in Campbell Biology 4e 13. A wilted looking plant probably did not get sufficient _ over the day. a. water b. water and minerals c. water and CO2 d. water, minerals, and CO2 e. water, minerals, CO2, and O2 Correct answer is: d. . water, minerals, and CO2 See page 699-700 in Campbell Biology 4e 14. It is reported that tree trunks change in diameter slightly in response to the water potential. Can you use the circumference of the tree in your front lawn as a reliable thermometer (assuming you know how much it grows)? a. Yes, the water potential changes linearly with air temperature b. Yes, as long as you calibrate the circumference of the tree with the air temperature. c. No, because the relationship between water potential and air temperature is not linear. d. No, because the water potential also depends on humidity in the air. e. No, because the water potential is generated by root pressure in the morning and by transpiration in the afternoon. Correct answer is: d. . No, because the water potential also depends on humidity in the air. See page 701 in Campbell Biology 4e 15. Commonly, a plant looses _ g of water for each g of fixed CO2. a. 2 b. 20 c. 200 d. 400 e. 600 Correct answer is: e. . 600 See page 702 in Campbell Biology 4e 16. The opening of the stomata is controlled by a. K+ fluxes in and out of the guard-cell tonoplast. b. the evaporation from the guard cells. c. the Cl- fluxes in and out of the guard cells. d. the angle of the meniscus. e. the water in the guard cell walls. Correct answer is: a . controlled by K+ fluxes in and out of the guard-cell tonoplast. See page 702 in Campbell Biology 4e 17. You measure the gases in a green house. Your result show that CO2 concentration goes down at night and remains relatively constant during daytime. You conclude that a. you are measuring common photosynthetic activity. b. your plants may not have enough water. c. you have mostly CAM plants in your greenhouse. d. the blue light is filtered out by the green house glass. e. a lot of plant material is decomposed over night. Correct answer is: c. . you have mostly CAM plants in your greenhouse. See page 705 in Campbell Biology 4e 18. Vermont maple syrup consists mostly of fluid that was a. transported through phloem. b. transported through xylem. c. transported through stomata. d. transported through roots. e. stored in fruits. Correct answer is: a. . transported through phloem. See page 705 in Campbell Biology 4e 19. Transfer cells are modified a. sieve-tube members. b. tracheids. c. vessel elements. d. companion cells. e. hydathodes. Correct answer is: d. . companion cells. See page 705 in Campbell Biology 4e 20. The selection of minerals that are taken up by roots takes place a. in the cell walls. b. in the root hairs. c. in the symplast. d. in the plasma membranes. e. in the tonoplast. Correct answer is: d. in the plasma membranes. See page 698 in Campbell Biology 4e